Scientific advice on keeping cool during a heatwave

High temperatures not only make daily life uncomfortable but also pose serious threats to human health and the environment. Heatwaves can lead to a range of impacts, from health risks and crop damage to increased wildfire risks. For instance, in 2019 alone, extreme heat was estimated to have caused 356,000 deaths globally, underscoring its status as a dangerous yet often overlooked natural hazard. Moreover, the frequency and intensity of heatwaves are projected to increase with climate change.

In recent years, events like the 2023 “heat dome” over the southern United States, where temperatures exceeded 119°F (48°C), highlighted these risks. Such extreme events are exacerbated by climate change, making them more likely and widespread. The strain on energy grids and public health systems during these periods underscores the urgency of preparing for and adapting to hotter temperatures.

To cope with heatwaves, it’s crucial to take proactive measures. These include staying indoors or shaded during peak sun hours, staying hydrated with plenty of fluids (excluding excessive alcohol), consuming foods with high water content, and wearing loose, breathable clothing. Strategies also extend to urban planning and infrastructure improvements, such as green spaces and reflective surfaces, to mitigate urban heat islands.

For those concerned about sleep during heatwaves, maintaining a cool sleeping environment is vital. Using fans or air conditioning, if available, and keeping curtains closed during the day can help regulate indoor temperatures for better sleep quality.

Overall, understanding the risks of heatwaves and implementing effective strategies can mitigate their impacts on health, infrastructure, and daily life, especially as climate change continues to influence global weather patterns.